The T-74 is a Soviet caterpillar tractor with a traction class of 3 tons, produced by the Kharkov Tractor Plant. It was created by modernization of DT-54 and T-75 tractors. The tractor is designed for agricultural and transportation work in regions with temperate climate. It was produced from 1962 to 1983. The number of tractors produced was 880792 pcs.
The tractor frame is a channel frame, on which the engine is located in the front part and the cab in the rear part. Power transmission consists of clutch, PTO shaft, gearbox, main gear, slewing gear, final gears.
The engine SMD-14A is a four-cylinder, diesel, in-line with a vortex combustion chamber. The air cleaner is cyclonic with a suction tube going into the engine exhaust pipe. As a result of the vacuum created by the exhaust gases in the suction tube, the dust collected in the air cleaner hopper is sucked out and carried away by the exhaust gases. The lubrication system includes an oil cooler, which is disconnected from the system in winter time by shifting the switch. To start the engine at low temperatures, a preheater is installed on the intake manifold. The starting device is a gasoline engine PD-10M-2 with a single-stage gearbox.
The clutch is double-disk. Clutch release drive is mechanical. The gearbox is mechanical, six-speed, controlled by two levers. The first lever – group of gears (working, working overdrive, neutral.). If there is a shifter, there is a slow group. Second lever – three forward, reverse, neutral. When the clutch is disengaged, first engage a gear, then a group of gears. The locking mechanism does not allow the transmission gears to move until the clutch clutch is fully disengaged and the primary shaft stops.
The frame consists of two longitudinal channels connected by a cast front bar in the front, two cross bars in the middle and an axle in the rear. Suspension is balanced.
The cab is closed and heated. The cab has a two-seat seat with a soft backrest. Warm air from the engine is supplied through the casing, inside of which there is a regulating flap. There is a manual windshield wiper on the right windshield.
Controls: diesel revolutions are regulated by means of a lever. The tractor is turned using one of two levers and one of two caterpillar brake pedals. Change gears only when the clutch is fully disengaged. The main working gears are second through fourth. Fifth and sixth gears are used for working with special machines and for transporting loads. The first gear is used only to overcome short-term increased resistance.
The electrical equipment operates on direct current with a nominal voltage of 12 V. The electrical equipment includes: 180 W generator, relay-regulator, battery, starter motor starter, horn, ammeter, four headlights, two dashboard lighting lamps, plafon for cab lighting. Cab fan electric motor.
